Should Gay Rights Be Legal - 1580 Words

Differences are dreaded by society today just because of a misunderstanding created through incorrect information given. The only change that has been made from the past until now is that there are more of the community that are seen, not embarrassed, not afraid, and no longer willing to hide what makes us happy. Gays, Lesbians, and Transgender have been hiding amongst the ages from the Roman era until current 2012 and even though many look at the community as infection, it is truth that makes us afraid of what we do not understand compared to what is seen. Just like slavery and women’s right, Gay, Lesbian, Quire, and Bisexuals community have been faced with adversity. Gay rights are an ethical issue because there is limitation set for our community due to sexuality. Sexual discrimination is considering a candidate or worker unfavorably because of a person’s sex, or affiliation with a group or groups related with a specific sex. The law forbids discrimination based on sex when it comes to any aspect of employment, including hiring, firing, pay, job assignments, promotions, layoff, training, fringe benefits and any other term or condition of employment. Gender identity discrimination, on the other hand, is more specific to people who don’t conform to stereotypes of gender identity and/or gender expression. Recently, however, some courts have concluded that transgender persons are protected from discrimination under Title VII and other sex discrimination statutes. NeitherShow MoreRelatedWhy The Constitution Should Be Legal956 Words   |  4 Pagesdebate on whether the constitution should be changed to allow gays/lesbians legal status, whereby the partners are protected while in the institution of marriage is a heated debated which has been ongoing in many years. There are those states whereby the rights of gays/lesbians to have legal marriages have been recognized, but in most of the states their right to legal marriage have not been recogn ized. This essay looks at the reasons why the American constitution should be amended to ensure that allRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Banned874 Words   |  4 PagesMany will probably disagree on the grounds that gay rights or same sex marriage should be banned or that it’s wrong under their religions. With that there are many factors that contradict against gay rights, such as religion, child adoption, and divorce just to name a few. Roger Severino, a graduate from Harvard Law School, and has a master in public policy claims the negative collusions that are against gay rights (924). Severino tells us that gay marriage conflicts with religious beliefs becauseRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1144 Words   |  5 PagesGay Marriage There are many issues the revolve around same-sex marriage. Many issues like: Whether same-sex should be legalized and should there be an amendment on same-sex marriage? There are multiple side to view this, but gay marriage but in my opinion gay marriage is socially accepted. it should be legal and it does affect American teens in a broad spectrum of ways. There have been a lot of issues on whether or not same-sex marriage should be legal or not. According to Burns, â€Å" The unionRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal Essay1666 Words   |  7 PagesSupreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry in all 50 US states. Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy stated in the majority opinion: The court now holds that same-sex couples may exercise the fundamental right to marry. No longer may this liberty be denied to them. Marriage between same-sex couples continues to be a heated issue of debate in society today. Denying gay marriage affects gay and lesbian couples and lets people think that is acceptableRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal in All States1632 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen Gay Marriage. Whether same-sex couples should be given the right to marry or even if same-sex couples should be given rights at all, this has been a contentious discussion which creates division and disunity thr oughout the country. The Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. Gay marriage has been legalized in 17 states. But only 19 of 194 countries allow for gay marriage. Statistics show more than half the country supports Gay MarriageRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1205 Words   |  5 PagesRahime-Malik Howard Sociology 1301-93431 Gay Marriage Getting married is something that most people do when they find love, which it is an important event in their life. The GLBT (gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender) community now get the legal right of same-sex marriage, which they have fought for throughout the years; on the other hand, some opponents of same-sex marriage have called for a constitutional change towards it. Although there were some countries that allowed gay marriage before the United StatesRead MoreDomestic Partnerships Should be Legal Essay961 Words   |  4 Pagesthe right for same-sex couples to marry. Shoul d gay marriages be legal? Clearly we as a nation are undecided on this issue. Gay rights groups are fighting for rights while religious groups are fighting against gay marriage. I do NOT believe it is fair to discriminate against gays for being together. America is a free country and people should be able to be in a relationship with whomever they desire. Gay marriage is only legal in a few states. In some of these states, the uniting of two gays isRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1288 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome more open minded with human rights. As of right now, there are ten states that allow gay marriages to be legal. Ten out of fifty is not a lot, but it’s progress. Same-sex marriage is a hostile topic. Some people are against it and others are for it. I am for same-sex marriage because I believe that every human being should be allowed to marry the person they love. Everyone should be treated equal and given the same rights. Why should society have the right to determine who we love and chooseRead MoreGay marriage persuasive essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGay Marriage in the United States The debate between whether gay marriage should be legalized or not has been a controversial topic recently. In the past twelve years, equal marriage rights have been legalized in 6 states of the U.S.. Eighteen states do not allow gay marriage and do not recognize civil unions. The other twenty six states allow civil unions, and some are debating legalizing gay marriage. Gay marriage should be legal across the United States. Not allowing gay marriage in any stateRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legal? Essay911 Words   |  4 PagesShould gay marriage be legal? Gay marriage should be legal because as woman and man, all individuals have the same right in society; because same-sex couples can constitute a good based family; because it is just a way to make official a common union nowadays, even with the religious issue; because it is not related to polygamy; and because love matters and it does not differ in nature according to the sex of its object or the person who experiences it. The first reason why same sex marriage

How to Write a Term Paper Wiseessays.com - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesnt

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UCD Individual Assignment Submission †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the UCD Individual Assignment Submission. Answer: Introduction Since its incorporation in 1934, it became the maximum manufacturer of commercial aircrafts, defense aircrafts and is associated with NASA too, after it acquired McDonnell Douglas and Rockwell International in 1997 1996 respectively(ADVAMEG, 2017). It has maximum number of flying aircrafts of around 9000 commercial planes across the world. Boeing undertook the project to design and manufacture commercial aircraft which can carry 210 to 290 passengers to very long range distance with 20% less fuel consumption using the lighter weight composite material for its body which helps in reducing the overall weight of the aircraft. In 2011, Boeing received order from 57 customers at a time. With so much success in designing phase, it received orders from all corners of the world, but at the same time due to various reasons it encountered many problems like: The production was dependent on multiple suppliers for different specialized items like batteries, electrical system etc. which were not supplied with proper quality and in time, so due to complex supply chain managements it got delayed. Original schedule of delivery was May 2008, but it suffered around 3 years of delay and could receive quality certificate from AAA in August 2011, so it had to pay huge penalty of around $ 4 Billion(MICHAEL, A., 2012). Neglected In-House Advise: To produce aircraft with cost cutting, Boeing had to neglect own in house technology as advised by technical expert and look for outsourcing and it was the major cause for its failure(O'DONNELLAN, R., 2016). Because of above issues the various faults started showing while testing and after the commercialization like fire in Rolls-Royce engine, problem in its landing gear, problem with its electrical system, caused stemming of batteries, automatic engine shutting down after long use due to software issues etc. which increased the after sales support service cost and aircraft breakdown penalties. Boeing had adopted altogether new outsourcing model, according to which it outsourced not only the design and manufacturing but even few assembling also to its partnered companies who dont even had enough knowledge about the assembly procedures and resulted in huge loss. It copied the outsourcing structure of Toyota, but forgot to conduct the in depth study of the criteria of outsourcing being considered by Toyota. Toyota always outsource the items to its well developed and proven vendors only who has already delivered at right time with right quality in past, whereas Boeing outsourced to untrusted vendors(DENNING, S., 2013). Communication Procedure: Boeing introduced web based communication Exostar which enabled to communicate through web rather than visiting the site personally which restricted from gathering actual information of progress at different vendor shops. On the basis of above problems which happened during the project and post-project phase of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner project, it can be easily identified that they did some big mistakes at the initiation and planning stages of the project which could not be rectified easily at the monitoring and closing stages and the result of the decisions are well known to all. But there could be few steps or procedures of Project Management which could have prevented them from getting such a huge set back of around 5 Billion USD losses as penalty itself are as below: The company had to take advantages of the innovated projects and its procedure to develop cheaper product and before the timeline from some new innovations being done by few companies without even testing their credential and were being used for the first time in the system(SHENHAR, A et al., 2016). Using of such untested systems in the prestigious project like 787 Dreamliner should have been avoided. Boeing should have used the in house tested supply chain management system for having better control over the project processes starting from Initiation to Closing and in between Execution phase of few critical items only as per their traditional practice. Improper selection of Supply Chain Management System: As one innovation does not fit into all sizes, the Toyota system of managing supply chain management was the brilliant innovation of the time which was copied by Boeing to manage its system, which could not be made profitable and even became the cause of major failure. So if Boeing would have performed the study of its organization strategy first before finalizing the outsourcing strategy and would have kept control over the designing and manufacturing procedures rather than transferring them to outsourced company the project might have saved many penalties. Proper assessment of own organization strategy, its mission, setting long range intermediate goals, adopting SMART strategy, analyze SWOT properly, different scenario planning are must for the success of any organization. Proper Risk management was not performed prior to ordering the outsourcing vendors was the another reason which should have been avoided by Boeing(HARRISON, D., 2017). While conducting the assessment workshop all the comments received form experts must be evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively to reach at some one point conclusion on the basis of the amount of risk and accordingly risk mitigation plan also should be done to assign extra cost (Management Reserves) to the project so that in case of any unforeseen situation this budget can prevent the organization rom going over budget and prevent from putting all the systems at stake. So unlike Boeing, all the execution and financial risks must be assessed forehand before finalizing the strategies. So, by taking above steps and following the simple procedures of Supply Chain management, select outsourcing procedure on the basis of organizations strategy and evaluation of in house expert comments could have prevented Boeing from having such losses. Conclusion The lessons learnt from the above failure analysis that, Boeing should have kept the designing and manufacturing control in own hands and the outsourcing has resulted in losing the control over the processes and moreover any organization must give importance to its in-house managers or employees and must always evaluate their feedback first before taking some adverse step. As Boeing ignored the comment received from technical expert and had to pay huge penalties of around 5 Billion USD. References ADVAMEG. 2017. The Boeing Company - Company Profile, Information, Business Description, History, Background Information on The Boeing Company. [online]. [Accessed 18 August 2017]. Available from World Wide Web: https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/history2/25/The-Boeing-Company.html DENNING, S. 2013. What Went Wrong At Boeing? [online]. [Accessed 18 August 2017]. Available from World Wide Web: https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevedenning/2013/01/21/what-went-wrong-at-boeing/#5175d8337b1b HARRISON, D. 2017. Lessons Learned from Boeing's Stumble: Risk Assessment is Key to a Successful Strategy. [online]. [Accessed 18 August 2017]. Available from World Wide Web: https://www.cssp.com/CD1209a/StrategicRiskAssessment/ MICHAEL, A. 2012. Case analysis boeing 787. [online]. [Accessed 18 August 2017]. Available from World Wide Web: https://www.slideshare.net/Ashishmichael/case-analysis-boeing-787-14882332 O'DONNELLAN, R. 2016. Project Failures: Boeings 787 Dreamliner. [online]. [Accessed 18 August 2017]. Available from World Wide Web: https://www.brightwork.com/blog/project-failures-boeings-787-dreamliner#.WZaE6nHhXIU SHENHAR, A, V HOLZMANN, B MELAMED, and Y ZHAO. 2016. The challenge of innovation in highly complex projects. Project Management Journal. 47(2), pp.62-78.

Melbourne Football Club

Introduction and current marketing situation Background Melbourne Football Club (MFC/ The Demons) is in dire need of a reinvention. Public support is dwindling after mediocre performances in 2012 and 2013. The past football season has been particularly devastating after the team started by losing its first ten matches. The Demons ended the season at the second last position in 2013.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Melbourne Football Club specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These poor performances elicited dramatic reactions from fans and opponents alike. In some instances, MFC was booed out of the stadium by its own members. In fact, internet blogs were buzzing with calls for resignation of top officials, coaches, players or redesigns of the entire team. The organisation responded by sucking its coach in the middle of the season and getting an interim one. However, this action did not seem to overturn the Demonsâ⠂¬â„¢ poor fortunes. Now, morale is at an all-time low within the team. Members and supporters of the players want to see an overhaul of the operation and management of the Club. Some of the loyal fans have left the team because they see no hope for the future. There is no shortage of strategies and possibilities that MFC can use to get back on its feet. In the past, the organisation has always relied on media reports to inform the public about their strategies. This has put them in a position where they cannot control what is being said and how it is reported. Some of these media reports have been less than flattering as they already have a bias against MFC. What the club needs is a report about the reengineering of the institution from their side, conveying their own point of view. Rationale The Demons need to rebuild their brand by making changes to the club and marketing these changes to the public. It is likely that this may increase support from former supporters who felt disa ppointed by the team’s performance and left the club. The goal of this marketing campaign is to restore membership to its original peak numbers. Melbourne Football Club has historically enjoyed a lot of support from people who have been with it for a long time. However, the club’s poor choices have caused a lot of attrition thus leading to diminishing memberships. It is necessary to get back these individuals who had seen the potential of the club and the advantages that it has over others. Getting back former supporters is much easier than reaching out to new consumers at a time like this. Few reasons exist to lure members back, so a marketing campaign is the only way that the club can achieve this feat. By showing its rebuilding efforts, MFC can prove to supporters that there is hope. This may ignite old passions over the team and thus lead to membership restoration.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your fir st paper with 15% OFF Learn More Scope of the plan This marketing campaign is a combination of strategy and promotion. It will revolve around the rebuilding efforts of the organisation. All the changes made during the preparation for the next season will be documented, announced and distributed to media houses around the country. It will thus involve sending to potential members and current members information about new developments in the club. In order to achieve this, the company will start by looking at its records in the peak year of 2011, where its membership base was at its highest. It will then establish a database that contains names of those who defected from the club since that time. The organisation will then send them video updates and information about strategic or operational alterations. It will give the consumers offers on DVDs and inform them about how to renew their membership. The plan also involves working with current members of the team to solidify th eir support. This will be achieved through social media and the company website. They will have access to promotional videos on these strategic changes and opportunities to purchase DVDs. The DVDs will contain 2013 season highlights for the Demons. It will remind members that they have a reason to support the team and should thus stay with MFC. A total of AUD 22,000 will be needed for this entire campaign. Analysis and SWOT Porter’s five forces One can argue that supplier power is moderate. First, clubs can switch from supplier to supplier at relatively low costs. Therefore, more power lies in the hands of Melbourne Football Club with regard to this parameter. Volume matters a great deal to suppliers who prefer to have huge concessions. Most clubs can offer such orders but they are only eighteen in number. On the other hand, it is difficult to substitute inputs for most sporting memorabilia or merchandising products. Therefore, this gives suppliers a slight reprieve from domi nation by clubs. Several barriers to entry exist within the Australian Rules Football industry. First, a club’s success will depend on the strength of its brand. It takes decades to build a strong reputation, so new entrants may not find it easy to compete. Likewise, because it is also difficult to change a club by either merging or selling oneself to another one, then new entrants may be discouraged from entering the market. Furthermore, one must invest a substantial amount of capital to start a club. It will require a lot of financial commitment from the owners to keep the institution running. This is a great deterrent to potential entrants. Nonetheless, some players may be attracted to the relatively high economies of scale that exist within the company.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Melbourne Football Club specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The threat of substitutes is something worth considering wit hin this industry. It is easy to switch to other types of sports like Rugby and cricket. These three games have been competing against each other for a relatively long time. Nonetheless, some consumers are die-hard Australian Rules football fans so they are not likely to substitute the game for another. Increased sponsorships and marketing campaigns for the top three games could threaten the exclusivity of Australian Football (Morgan 2012). Clubs in the industry have a high degree of rivalry. This has emanated from the very low levels of industry growth as well as the relatively low product differentials offered by most clubs. It is always easier to enjoy market domination when an industry is growing. When it reaches and surpasses its peak, then players must struggle to differentiate themselves. Nonetheless, one may argue that the high brand identity that most teams enjoy prevents fans or members from leaving them at will. Furthermore, the diversity of each of the clubs makes each c lub unique in its own way. Most individuals choose to remain loyal to a team owing to their geographical and family background. This moderates the degree of competition to a certain extent. It is the relative degree of rivalry between clubs that sometimes leads to cases of misconduct. Some instances of doping have been reported as well as match fixing or ‘tanking’. This unethical behaviour often comes about when teams are under excessive pressure to perform. Such is the case with Australian Rules football clubs. The organisation under discussion – MFC – was recently questioned for its role in match fixing. It was accused of deliberately playing poorly in order to ensure priority picks in the next seasons. Investigations revealed that the club had not done this knowingly but that its administrators had alluded to the importance of getting priority picks. As such, MFC had to pay fines for engaging in the same. This tarnished its name and put into question th e feasibility of the brand in the future (Browne 2013). One can state that an average level of buyer power prevails in the Australian Rules football industry as factors that increase buyer power are equally neutralised by those that reduce it. For instance, since brand identity and loyalty is quite strong, individuals find it difficult to simply leave a club. On the other hand, they are well informed and demand for more effort from their clubs.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many buyers are not sensitive to price and will be willing to pay slightly more for their team’s products. In this regard, product differentiation mitigates buyer power substantially. Buyers have a series of options from where they can select their dose of sporting action, so this increases their bargaining power. The number of buyers that exist in the country for Australian Football is relatively high, and this minimises their influence as it gives the few sporting suppliers a greater say. Overview of current product and service Melbourne Football Club is one of the eighteen clubs managed by the national Australian rules football body – the AFL (Australian Football League). This organisation offers members an opportunity to enjoy watching their favourite players competing in live matches. For this service, individuals have to pay for tickets on match day. The organisation has also entered into partnerships with broadcasting houses such that their matches can be aired live across the nation. It also works within the media industry to furnish consumers with adequate information about the club. Sometimes this may occur through the internet or even manually. The club, like many other sporting organisations, offers merchandising services. One can purchase DVDs, t-shirts and wall papers that relate to the institution. They also use technology to access their fans. There are mobile phone alerts, pictures and other applications that users may purchase from MFC. The company allows individuals to purchase membership for the team so as to enjoy certain privileges of belonging to the team. This club woks hand in hand with corporate and private sponsors to manage and develop the game. They also do auctions of their memorabilia (Ken 1995). Since Melbourne Football Club falls under the AFL, they have come to depend on support from the latter entity. In situations where the company is in serious debt or requires support to stay afloat, then the national governi ng body may step in to support them. However, such a relationship is contingent upon the club’s ability to follow the AFL’s conditions. Therefore, financial independence is critical to success in Australian Rules football, especially for Melbourne Football Club. Competitor analysis Currently, all the teams in Australia Football may be regarded as competitive rivals for MFC. As of September 2013, the organisation was ranked 17th out of 18 in the Australian Football League. This was an all time low that the club had reached since the turn of the century. In the previous year, the company was position 16 – a spot that it had held twice in 2008 and 2009. Clearly, the club has been suffering from a losing streak that is not just costing the company its huge fan base, but could also push it into oblivion. Calls for the disbandment and relocation of MFC have been rife throughout the 2013 football season (Adam 2013). Therefore, this organisation is in dire need of a res tructure if it hopes to remain relevant in Australian Rules Football today. Competition for the organisation stems from all corners. First, it comes from individuals from Melbourne. Part of the reason why the club has enjoyed such huge and strong patronage is its geographical location. However, other clubs that exist in the same region like North Melbourne, Richmond, St. Kilda and Western Bulldogs could play the same role. Their performance is more impressive than Melbourne Football Club and this could exert a huge strain on the team. Melbourne also takes pride in the fact that it is one of the founding organisations in the sport. Clubs like Essendon and Carlton could also boast of this trait thus making them a force to reckon with in the future. They have been in existence since 1897 and participated in the premiership season just like MFC did (Borland and McDonald 2004). In essence, the club has lost to almost all clubs in the competition. In 2011, it lost to Hawthorn, Geelong, an d others. During the next year, MFC lost to nine teams. In 2013, it hit an all-time low when it lost to Port Adelaide, Gold Coast Suns, Greater Western Sydney and several others. This is indicative of the mediocrity that the team has displayed over this last season. Some sports critics claim that the level of play for the club has deteriorated to such an extreme level that the team does not deserve to participate in professional competition. Other clubs like Port Adelaide did relatively poorly in competitions over the past few years. However, their administrators dealt with the problem by changing their sponsors, increasing their membership base as well as finding a new president and coach. In essence, this club reinvented itself, and has shown dramatic improvements over the 2013 football seasons. Therefore, a team such as this one is a force to reckon with for a club like MFC. Currently, MFC’s rivals are all the low ranked teams in the competition. The team now focuses on be ating the bottom five clubs and will then work its way upwards in subsequent years. SWOT table Strengths A strong brand identity across the country Loyal supporters who stuck with the team in 2013 Renowned players that have demonstrated their prowess in the past Eliminated ineffective coaches and staff Garnered financial support from the AFL Weaknesses Has been on a losing streak for almost a decade, with the worst performance in 2013 Team members lack morale and seem to be under exploiting their potential Poor financial management Loss of support from typical members Accused of match-fixing (tanking) Damaged brand name Few coaches and players want to join MFC Opportunities New coaches and administrators could fill the vacuum in the club Their losses could be used as the starting point for a turnaround Marketing these rebuilding efforts could trigger support from former members Retired Australian football players with high fitness levels can rejoin the team Threats Co ntinued losses could result in even lower levels of support The AFL could call for the disbandment of the club or a merger with another team Members could permamnently switch to other Melbourne-based teams Managerial and administrative changes might not garner public support Objectives The key objective of this marketing plan is to increase the membership base of the club from 33, 177 to 37,000. The Club’s highest membership base is 36,937. Therefore, this new target is just 63 members shy of the 2011 figures. In order to achieve this, the organisation needs to meet these specific objectives Establish the number of former members that have defected from the club Furnish both new and old members about new changes in the club’s management within the next year Sell sporting merchandise (DVDs ) to inspire former members to rejoin the club. Marketing strategy This marketing plan will target the former defectors of MFC. It will also seek to solidify support from the c ore club supporters who are still with the team. Since the group performed poorly in 2013, there is the danger that some of the existing members may choose to defect to another club. Therefore, the organisation ought to encourage or continue supporting the team. A database already exists on the current and former members of the institution. This target market was chosen because of the special circumstances under which Melbourne Football Club is operating. They are at an all-time low with regard to performance and would find it particularly difficult to recruit new members. Usually, Australian Football clubs experience surges in memberships when they are doing well. However, when the results are dismal, then the opposite is true. It would be unrealistic to increase membership during such an implosion. Nonetheless, when persons who have pulled out learn that the club that they supported before is doing a lot to revamp its image, then they could come back. The main aim of this campaign is to create a relationship with the consumers within the marketplace. MFC will establish a link with the former members of the club by a series of personal relationships strategies. Since the organisation already has their contact details, it will use these to regularly update them about new developments in the team. For instance, when it changes its players, it will give these target audience a chance to access the information accordingly. Further, it will also sell to them merchandise at exclusive prices for which other interested parties would have to pay substantially. P’s of sport marketing Product The product under sale in this plan is the rebuilding of the club (Beech and Chadwick 2004). MFC will sell these efforts through media channels as well as personal contacts. It is hoped that customers will associate these efforts with potential improvements on the field during the next season. Potential customers will demonstrate their commitment by renewing their membership after the marketing campaign. Additionally, the marketing plan will also be selling some sports merchandise that highlights the potential and actual achievements of the club. There will be DVDs that contain season highlights in 2013. Although these highlights will be few and far between, they will remind former players about the stars that exist in the team. They are also likely to elicit a feeling of pride and nostalgia. These DVDs will be available to the target audience at a bonus price. Former members will also get short videos on some of the changes that have taken place within the club. Price Since the club will be selling something intangible, like their rebranding efforts, then this is best associated with the brand name. Membership prices will still remain at the same price as 2013. Individuals will need to see something predictable when they come back to the team, and finding the same prices as before will encourage them to join. The DVDs will be available to these indivi duals at a reduced price of AUD 10. They will be informed about this exclusive price in order to ensure their participation. Distribution Membership can be purchased online as had been previously done. Since several MFC fans are digitized, this will be an effective way of getting to them. Additionally, they can buy the DVDs using the same platform. The material will be shipped to them upon purchasing it. The DVDs will also be available in the company’s premises. Promotion This will form the bulk of the marketing plan. Most of the information concerning the new developments in the team will be sent directly to the former members of the club. Their contact details will be obtained through the company website. Thereafter, they will learn about these changes through short videos that document the club’s journey. They will get emails concerning the efforts that the organisation is putting in restoring its name. Furthermore, they will be regularly updated, via email, on upco ming events in the team. Information about the DVDs containing the season highlights will also be sent to these individuals. Personal relationship marketing will be the key driver behind success of the club. Aside from email contacts, the rebuilding efforts will also be marketed through traditional media. The club will take a proactive stance by approaching the leading sports brands in the organisation and furnishing them with information about some of the changes they have made. It will not wait for sports journalists to pay them a visit. Instead, the club will take the opportunity to control the public’s perception of it through its own initiatives. The team will work with radio, television and sports magazines to update them on their progress. If MFC sends away players and hires new ones, it will give its angle on this and explain it thoroughly to news outlets before they approach the institution. This will help to give their perspective on the developments in the company. Perhaps one of the most effective channels of conducting relationship marketing is social media. The club will increase its engagement with the public on social media. It will respond to questions that individuals have on a regular basis and also furnish them with new updates about the club. Social media will contain links that direct visitors to the company websites. Here, they will find teasers or short clips on videos that they can find on the same. They will also learn about how they can get the documentaries from the organisation. The idea is to increase the number of updates on social media so as to match members’ need for more news. Some of the ways in which the company will work on boosting its social media strategy is by making the page more colourful. It needs to show people how motivated the company is to become better. Individuals also get access to training sessions and other team efforts that the company is doing through this page. Every person who likes the pa ge will be given information on these changes. Additionally, some of the promotional merchandise will be available to those who use the platform. Action Progress The current plan will last for a period of six months. The idea is to get people to support the team independent of their performance outside the pitch. The campaign will start on the 12th of September 2013 and end on the 12th of March 2014. All members of the team will be involved in the process. However, a greater emphasis will be given to the marketing team. In the first week of the marketing campaign, the organisation will establish the names, contacts and location of the people who defected from the club. It will thus use this as a starting point. IT personnel within the company will be responsible for this parameter. As stated earlier, the success of the marketing campaign is contingent upon the type of strategy adopted by the company. It is necessary for all the concerned stakeholders to start working on a rebuilding program. People who will be involved include the board, which will make decisions on who their president and senior leaders will be. The senior executives will also be responsible for the dramatic changes that will form the core of all marketing communications. There is no schedule for these individuals as they will commence their activities at the beginning and end them in March 2014. After the first week of determining who the defecting members are, the marketing team will select a media team to create a series of videos or documentaries that will contain all the latest happenings in the club. The fist video will be created on the 25th of September and the media team will continue releasing such videos on a bi-weekly basis. At this point, the marketing team will step in order to determine where to distribute or sell the material. They will work simultaneously with IT professionals in order to upload it on the company website. Marketers will mail them to all the identified defecto rs. They will ensure that individuals give them permission to communicate with them in order to minimise privacy infringement. One month after the commencement of the campaign; that is on the 12th of October, the media team will compile MFC highlights from the latest seasons. This process will involve examining footages of all the matches and showing instances where the club took control of the game. Sometimes this may involve matches that the team lost, but those moments will still be worthwhile. Information about the availability and sale of this product will be available on the company website, email and social networks on the next day, after the release of the product. This will also be the responsibility of the marketing team. As other events unfold, the media team will keep compiling these highlights and placing them on the selected platforms. Media communications between MFC and traditional media outlets like radio and television will also be covered by the organisation. Thes e communications will depend on the degree of change in the company. As soon as they take place, the media team will make a report on the same through a video as well as through written formats. They will then edit this information within a day in order to portray the organisation in a positive light. All the material will be sent to television and radio companies simultaneously. Four radio and television stations will be involved. Budget Items Cost (A$) IT management of information 1,500 DVD compilation and making copies 5,000 Video documentary 2,500 Television 10,000 Radio 3,000 22,000 Measurement The key objective of the marketing campaign is to increase the membership base to 37, 000. If the organisation will be able to reach this level, then the marketing campaign will have succeeded. However, one must note that it is not always possible to reach target levels. Therefore, the organisation must be open to falling short in this area. It will allow for a shortfa ll margin of 10%. Additionally, the company will measure the success of its campaign by the number of responses it obtains from social media. Since one cannot measure the number of people who intend to leave but chose not to, a good indicator of success would be the feedback obtained from people. If the number positive responses from existing members increase, even by a small level, then the campaign will have succeeded. References Adam, P 2013, Every day is like a Sunday, http://mfcdemonblog.blogspot.com/2013/09/the-call-of-void.html Beech, J and Chadwick, S 2004, The business of sport management, Prentice Hall, London. Borland, J and McDonald, R 2004, Professional sports competitions in Australia, Praeger, Westport, Connecticut. Browne, A 2013, From priority picks to claims of ‘tanking’, how it got to this, https://www.afl.com.au/news/2013-02-19/how-it-got-to-this Ken, P 1995, The complete guide to Australian Football, Pan Macmillan, Victoria. Morgan R 2012, Cricket a nd AFL dominate sports watched on TV. Web. This report on Melbourne Football Club was written and submitted by user Zayden Tyson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Difference Between Atomic Weight and Atomic Mass

Difference Between Atomic Weight and Atomic Mass Atomic weight and atomic mass are two important concepts in chemistry and physics. Many people use the terms interchangeably, but they dont actually mean the same thing. Take a look at the difference between atomic weight and atomic mass and understand why most people are confused or dont care about the distinction. (If youre taking a chemistry class, it could show up on a test, so pay attention!) Atomic Mass Versus Atomic Weight Uranium has two primordial isotopes (uranium-238 and uranium-235). Uranium-238 has 92 protons plus 146 neutrons and uranium-235 92 protons and 143 neutrons. Â  Pallava Bagla/Getty Images Atomic mass (ma) is the mass of an atom. A single atom has a set number of protons and neutrons, so the mass is unequivocal (wont change) and is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the atom. Electrons contribute so little mass that they arent counted. Atomic weight is a weighted average of the mass of all the atoms of an element, based on the abundance of isotopes. The atomic weight can change because it depends on our understanding of how much of each isotope of an element exists. Both atomic mass and atomic weight rely on the atomic mass unit (amu), which is 1/12th the mass of an atom of carbon-12 in its ​ground state. Can Atomic Mass and Atomic Weight Ever Be the Same? If you find an element that exists as only one isotope, then the atomic mass and the atomic weight will be the same. Atomic mass and atomic weight may equal each other whenever you are working with a single isotope of an element, too. In this case, you use the atomic mass in calculations rather than the atomic weight of the element from the periodic table. Weight Versus Mass: Atoms and More Mass is a measure of the quantity of a substance, while weight is a measure of how a mass acts in a gravitational field. On Earth, where we are exposed to a fairly constant acceleration due to gravity, we dont pay much attention to the difference between the terms. After all, our definitions of mass were pretty much made with Earth gravity in mind, so if you say a weight has a mass of 1 kilogram and a 1 weight of 1 kilogram, youre right. Now, if you take that 1 kg mass to the Moon, its weight will be less. So, when the term atomic weight was coined back in 1808, isotopes were unknown and Earth gravity was the norm. The difference between atomic weight and atomic mass became known when F.W. Aston, the inventor of the mass spectrometer (1927) used his new device to study neon. At that time, the atomic weight of neon was believed to be 20.2 amu, yet Aston observed two peaks in the mass spectrum of neon, at relative masses 20.0 amu and 22.0 amu. Aston suggested there two actually two types of neon atoms in his sample: 90% of the atoms having a mass of 20 amu and 10% with a mass of 22 amu. This ratio gave a weighted average mass of 20.2 amu. He called the different forms of the neon atoms isotopes. Frederick Soddy had proposed the term isotopes in 1911 to describe atoms that occupy the same position in the periodic table, yet are different. Even though atomic weight is not a good description, the phrase has stuck around for historical reasons. The correct term today is relative atomic mass - the only weight part of the atomic weight is that it is based on a weighted average of isotope abundance.

An Overview of Sanctuary Cities

An Overview of Sanctuary Cities While the term has no specific legal definition, a â€Å"sanctuary city† in the United States is a city or county in which undocumented immigrants are protected from deportation or prosecution for violations of U.S. federal immigration laws. In both a legal and practical sense, â€Å"sanctuary city† is a rather vague and informal term. It can, for example, indicate that the city has actually enacted laws that restrict what their police and other employees are allowed to do during encounters with undocumented immigrants. On the other hand, the term has also been applied to cities like Houston, Texas, which calls itself a â€Å"welcoming city† to undocumented immigrants but have no specific laws regarding enforcement of federal immigration laws.   In an example of a states’ rights conflict arising from the U.S. system of federalism, sanctuary cities refuse to use any local funds or police resources to enforce the national government’s immigration laws. Police or other municipal employees in sanctuary cities are not allowed to ask a person about their immigration, naturalization, or citizenship status for any reason. In addition, sanctuary city policies forbid police and other city employees from notifying federal immigration enforcement officers of the presence of undocumented immigrants living in or passing through the community. Due to its limited resources and the scope of the immigration enforcement job, the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency (ICE) must rely on local police to help enforce federal immigration laws. However, federal law does not require local police to locate and detain undocumented immigrants just because ICE requests they do so. Sanctuary city policies and practices may be established by local laws, ordinances or resolutions, or simply by practice or custom. In September 2015, the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency estimated that about 300 jurisdictionss of large U.S. cities with sanctuary laws or practices include San Francisco, New York City, Los Angeles, San Diego, Chicago, Houston, Dallas, Boston, Detroit, Seattle, and Miami. U.S. â€Å"sanctuary cities† should not be confused with â€Å"cities of sanctuary† in the United Kingdom and Ireland that apply local policies of welcoming and encouraging the presence of refugees, asylum seekers, and others seeking safety from political or religious persecution in  their countries of origin. Brief History of Sanctuary Cities The concept of sanctuary cities is far from new. The Old Testament’s Book of Numbers speaks of six cities in which persons who had committed murder or manslaughter were allowed to claim asylum. From 600 CE until 1621 C.E., all churches in England were allowed to grant sanctuary to criminals and some cities were designated as criminal and political sanctuaries by Royal charter.   In the United States, cities and counties began adopting immigrant sanctuary policies in the late 1970s. In 1979, the Los Angeles police department adopted an internal policy known as â€Å"Special Order 40,† which stated, Officers shall not initiate police action with the objective of discovering the alien status of a person. Officers shall not arrest nor book persons for violation of title 8, section 1325 of the United States Immigration code (Illegal Entry).† Political and Legislative Actions on Sanctuary Cities As the number of sanctuary cities grew over the next two decades, both the federal and state governments began taking legislative actions to require full enforcement of federal immigration laws.   On September 30, 1996, President Bill Clinton signed the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 addressing the relationship between the federal government and local governments. The law focuses on illegal immigration reform and includes some of the toughest measures ever taken against illegal immigration. Aspects considered in the law include border enforcement, penalties for alien smuggling and document fraud, deportation and exclusion proceedings, employer sanctions, welfare provisions, and changes to existing refugee and asylum procedures. In addition, the law prohibits cities from banning municipal workers for reporting persons immigration status to federal authorities. A section of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 allows local police agencies to obtain training in the  enforcement of federal immigration laws. However, it fails to provide state and local law enforcement agencies with any general powers for immigration enforcement. Some States Oppose Sanctuary Cities Even in some states housing sanctuary or sanctuary-like cities and counties, legislatures and governors have taken steps to ban them.In May 2009, Georgia’s Governor Sonny Perdue signed state Senate Bill 269, a law prohibiting Georgia cities and counties from adopting sanctuary city policies. In June 2009, Tennessee’s Governor Phil Bredesen signed state Senate Bill 1310 banning local governments from enacting sanctuary city ordinances or policies. In June 2011, Texas Governor Rick Perry called a special session of the state legislature to consider state Senate Bill 9, a proposed law banning sanctuary cities. While public hearings on the bill were held before the Texas Senate’s Transportation and Homeland Security Committee, it was never considered by the full Texas legislature. In January 2017, Texas Governor Greg Abbott threatened to oust any local officials who promoted sanctuary city laws or policies. â€Å"We are working on laws that will ... ban sanctuary cities [and] remove from office any officer-holder who promotes sanctuary cities,† stated Gov. Abbott. President Trump Takes Action On January 25, 2017 U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive order titled â€Å"Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States,† which, in part, directed the Secretary of Homeland Security and Attorney General to withhold funding in the form of federal grants from sanctuary jurisdictions that refuse to comply with federal immigration law. Specifically, Section 8 (a) of the executive order states, â€Å"In furtherance of this policy, the Attorney General and the Secretary, in their discretion and to the extent consistent with law, shall ensure that jurisdictions that willfully refuse to comply with 8 U.S.C. 1373 (sanctuary jurisdictions) are not eligible to receive Federal grants, except as deemed necessary for law enforcement purposes by the Attorney General or the Secretary.† In addition, the order directed the Department of Homeland Security to begin issuing weekly public reports that include â€Å"a comprehensive list of criminal actions committed by aliens and any jurisdiction that ignored or otherwise failed to honor any detainers with respect to such aliens.† Sanctuary Jurisdictions Dig In Sanctuary jurisdictions wasted no time in reacting to President Trump’s action. In his State of the State address, California’s Governor Jerry Brown vowed to defy President Trump’s action. â€Å"I recognize that under the Constitution, federal law is supreme and that Washington determines immigration policy,† stated Gov. Brown. â€Å"But as a state, we can and have had a role to play †¦ And let me be clear: we will defend everybody - every man, woman, and child - who has come here for a better life and has contributed to the well-being of our state.† Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel has pledged $1 million in city funds to create a legal defense fund for immigrants threatened with prosecution due to President Trump’s order. â€Å"Chicago has in the past been a sanctuary city. ... It always will be a sanctuary city,† said the mayor. On January 27, 2017, Salt Lake City Mayor Ben McAdams stated he would refuse to enforce President Trump’s order. â€Å"There has been fear and uncertainty among our refugee population the last few days,† McAdams said. â€Å"We want to reassure them that we love them and their presence is an important part of our identity. Their presence makes us better, stronger and richer.† In Tragic 2015 Shooting, Sanctuary Cities Stir Debate The tragic July 1, 2015 shooting death of Kate Steinle thrust sanctuary city laws into the center of controversy. While visiting San Francisco’s Pier 14, the 32-year old Steinle was killed by a single bullet fired from a pistol admittedly held at the time by Jose Ines Garcia Zarate, an undocumented immigrant. Garcia Zarate, a citizen of Mexico, had been deported several times and had been convicted for illegal re-entry into the United States. Days before the shooting, he had been released from a San Francisco jail after a minor drug charge against him was dismissed. Although U.S. immigration officials had issued an order that police detain him, Garcia Zarate was released him under San Francisco’s sanctuary city laws. The uproar over sanctuary cities grew on December 1, 2017, when a jury acquitted Garcia Zarate of charges of first-degree murder, second-degree murder, manslaughter, finding him guilty only of illegally possessing a fire arm. In his trial, Garcia Zarate claimed he had just found the gun and that the shooting of Steinle had been an accident. In acquitting him, the jury found reasonable doubt in Garcia Zarate’s accidental shooting claim, and under the Constitution’s guarantee of â€Å"due process of law,† guarantee, his criminal record, history of prior convictions, and immigration status were not allowed to be presented as evidence against him.   Critics of permissive immigration laws reacted to the case by complaining that sanctuary city laws too often allow dangerous, criminal illegal immigrants to remain on the streets.

Health Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Health Psychology - Essay Example through the use of a certain medium. Communication may be done in a conscious or in a subconscious level and either intentionally or unintentionally. This process requires a vast range of skills such as speaking, observing, questioning, analyzing, and evaluating (Barnlund, 1968). Several models have been made regarding communication. One of these models is the Shannon and Weaver’s model or the Transmission Model of Communication. The following flowchart shows the basic premise of the model and its flow of communication. The information source produces the message and is then encoded into signals for message transmission. The channel is the media through which the message is sent. Through the process of message sending, some noise is present causing the message to be seen differently by the receiver. The receiver decodes the message sent and once it is decoded, it is deemed as having arrived to its final destination (Shannon & Weaver, 1949). In this model, the source or the one who delivers the message encodes the message via a channel which the receiver decodes. This model simply shows that the source communicates about the topic he/she is knowledgeable and his/her message is formed with a specific content, elements, treatment, structure and code. All these are delivered via a channel, which is comprised of the receiver’s sense and are decoded by the receiver (Berlo, 1960). All models of communication try to explain the basic flow and process of communication. In all models of communication, it shows that communicating is a two way process wherein both the sender and the receiver takes part. A physician’s communication skills play a great role in a patient-physician relationship. In fact, good communication has always been important in medical practice and is the keystone for patient-physician relationships. Communication is the main means for physicians to interact with their patients. Certain traits of communication allow trust

Islamic architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Islamic architecture - Essay Example (Burckhardt, Art of Islam, p. 203) The divine reflections and revelations of Islamic architecture have deep historical roots in multiple cultures and religions. From ancient Greece to twenty-first century technological marvels, Islamic architecture draws from a plethora of rich influences and resources in creating its own unique experience of bringing the sacred and the divine into the human experience. The earliest historical influences arise out of the architecture of Ancient Greece with its Doric, Ionic and Corinthian styles of architecture as defined by their columnar structures. The influence of the Ionic and later Corinthian styles can be seen in columns of the earliest mosques, such as the Hagia Sophia built in 532 A.D in Istanbul (then Constantinople) in which Corinthian style columns can be seen on the left side knave and Ionic-style columns in the center kiosk in the picture at left (Wegner, Hagia Sophia, [internet]) and in the Tulun Mosque in Cairo Egypt built in 876 A.D. in the picture on the right in which the Corinthian style columns provide the supports to all the doorways and arches. (â€Å"Islamic Architecture† in Free Dictionary [internet]) The Romans also added their influence to Islamic architecture. Roman architecture was socio-policitical in nature. Its aim was primarily focused on public events of which the collisem in Rome is the main existing example. Islam absorbed this focus in its architecture as well in the way its people built their communities in consideration of community needs rather than individual glory. (Helms, pp 129-132) Mosques and Madrasahs reflect the spaciousness of the Roman buildings, as places with space for the whole community to gather for edification and worship. A mosque in Armenia provides an example of this with the photograph to the left illustrating its outer simplicity and the photograph to the left showing a floor-plan of its inner spaciousness. When the Byzantine Empire became the dominant force in

Using Facebook to Cultivate Political Awareness Among Singapore Youth Essay Example for Free

Using Facebook to Cultivate Political Awareness Among Singapore Youth Essay Political awareness refers to the recognition and acquisition of either theoretical or practical political knowledge for our discussion. As the main purpose to cultivate political awareness is to help young voters make informed decisions during various elections, only information related to ‘civics’, that is â€Å"the study of the government with the attention of the roles of citizens† (Hebe, 1967), is considered political knowledge in this paper. We believe that political awareness should be raised for youths of age 13 21; thirteen is the age when most teenagers start acquiring maturity of judgement (Smith amp; Handler, 2007) and 21 is when they acquire the legal right to vote. Young voters should then possess sufficient political awareness to make wiser decisions when casting their votes. Social media is widely recognized as a form of online media that makes communication more interactive. Social media allows users to create and share contents for purposes like social networking through the use of Internet-based applications. Online social-networking refers to the use of websites such as Facebook and Twitter which provides social-networking services (SNS) for users to communicate, share information and maintain online social relations. A recent Singapore study (Russel, 2011) reveals that Facebook, a representative example of SNS, is the third most popular online source for election news and updates after Yahoo and Channel News Asia. There are 2,589,600 users on Facebook, making up half of Singapore’s total population. 1. 2. Current Situation The low political awareness among the youth in Singapore has been a long-existing problem. â€Å"I don’t know and I don’t care†, a typical Singaporean response implies the causes of the problem. One of the reasons that the youth do not gain enough political knowledge is because of the lack of engaging and interactive platforms for information sharing. As a result, few youths are interested, in addition to their poor knowledge in politics. It is important to tackle their disinterest and cultivate political awareness by disseminating related information on engaging and interactive platforms. According to a recent survey by Straits Times, 36. 3% of Singaporeans prefer Internet as their source of local political news. 33% of Singaporean Facebook users are the youths aged 13 – 24 (â€Å"Facebook Statistics Singapore†, 2011), as shown in figure 1. Therein hints the great potential of Facebook at disseminating information to the youth. In the following section, we will further evaluate the level of success of our recommendations using Facebook as a tool of information dissemination. Aged 13-24: 33% Aged 25-44:49% Others:18% Figure 1 User Age Distribution on Facebook in Singapore 1. 2. 1 Case Study: Use of Twitter in South Korea The South Korean political culture had been centered on Confucianism and subjected to bureaucratic-authoritarian rules, resulting in the struggle to cultivate a participant political culture. In fact, studies (Hong, 1998) revealed that majority of South Koreans (52. 7%) are unwilling to engage in politics. Despite the reluctance to be involved in politics, parliamentary elections held on June 2010 had held the highest voter-turnout since 1995 (54. %). A great percentage of this increase is attributed to the increase in young voters, aged 20 – 40, who are largely influenced through SNS. Twitter had played a relatively major role in bringing the Korean’s attentions to voting. A group of politically-aware youths had urged the Korean community to vote, mostly via Twitter. The result: more people saw the reminders and did as urged. The factors to success in garnering votes (especially among youths) are as goes: i. The increasing number of people with smartphones increases the convenience of using Twitter to share information on the go, via these mobile devices ii. Koreans followed the trend of using Twitter to connect with politics started by Barack Obama, President of the United States 1. 2. 2 Comparing Twitter in South Korea and Facebook in Singapore The choice of featuring South Korea in the case study is reasoned by the similarities between South Korea and Singapore, and Twitter and Facebook. A high level of similarities would hence ensure greater chance of success in our recommendations. Political culture reflects the mindsets of the youth regarding political issues, hence is a pivotal determinant in the success of promoting political awareness among the youth. South Korea tends to a subject political culture, while that in Singapore tends to a mid subject-parochial one. The features of both cultures basically demonstrates some inactivity and lack of initiative towards political issues, hence are largely similar. The ubiquity of Twitter and Facebook respectively in South Korea and Singapore is another deterministic factor. Twitter is widely used among South Koreans, resulting in an efficient spread of message to raise voter-turnout. Facebook is, likewise, widely used among the Singaporean youth, which could lead to a similar level of efficiency in spreading political awareness. The features of Twitter and Facebook would also affect how users receive political information, likewise influencing the level of efficiency of spreading political awareness among the Singaporean youth.

Impact of European Colonialism and Imperialism on African Women Essay e

Effect of European Imperialism on African Women      Ã‚  Ã‚   What effect did the European imperialism in Africa have on the women of both continents? And was this effect advantageous or injurious to the women themselves? Judging by the extremely limited amount of information available on the subject, one could conclude probably a very minimal one. However, upon further investigation, one can see that this effect, although ignored by historians, was very profound and real to the women who lived in Africa in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The majority of the information obtained is about the impact of imperialism on the women of Africa, which is to be expected in today's politically-correct society. However, this causes some difficulty in understanding the consequences of imperialism for women in Europe. Thus that topic won't be addressed here. In Africa, however, the European colonialism completely altered a lifestyle and culture, particularly the roles of women in that culture (Gross and Bingham volume II 52). There is some disagreement as to whether the effects of European imperialism over Africa were detrimental to the progress of women.    It's difficult to understand the effects that Europe had on Africa until one comprehends the state of living for the women before Europeans embarked upon their colonialism. Women were traditionally considered equals or near equals to men in many aspects of some African societies. Farming was the primary occupation of almost every African woman (Gross and Bingham volume I 70). Women were a significant part of the work force and essential to their families' survival (Gross and Bingham volume I 53). Many tribes had female chiefs, and females were given other high-ranki... ...ism." European Imperialism. Online. Internet. 27 Feb. 2000. Available. <http://www.ga.k12.pa.us/academics/US/history/euro/euroread/imp.htm>. "French in West Africa." University of Pennsylvania African Studies. Online. Internet. 27 Feb. 2000. Available. <http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/k-12/french_16178.html>. "Gender, Culture, and Class in Walter Rodney's Writings on Guyana." Saxakali-Publications. Online. Internet. 27 Feb. 2000. Available. <http://saxakali.com/saxakali-publications/moses6.htm>. Gross, Susan Hill and Marjorie Wall Bingham. Women in Africa of the Sub-Sahara, volume I: Ancient Times to the 20th Century. St. Louis Park: Glenhurst Publications, 1982. Gross, Susan Hill and Marjorie Wall Bingham. Women in Africa of the Sub-Sahara, volume II: The 20th Century. St. Louis Park: Glenhurst Publications, 1982.   

Contact (Call) Center Managers?

1. What lessons are there from these two examples for contact (call) center managers? Services are different from manufacturing, with the key service difference being the interaction of the customer in the delivery process. Service design is no longer considered to be an art form as logical approaches to better design and management of service systems are emerging. In a facilities-based service, the customer must go to the service facility. In contrast, in a field-based service, the production and consumption of the service takes place in the customer's environment. Internal services refer to services required to support the activities of the larger organization. There is a blurring of manufacturing and service firms since the manufacturer product always has a certain percentage of service content. Services are also seen as the next source of competitive advantage for firms. In services we also consider the amount of customer contact or the physical presence of the customer in the system. Service systems range from those with a high degree of customer contact to those with a low degree of customer contact. Service encounters can be configured in a number of different ways. The service-system design matrix includes six common alternatives. Flowcharting, like in manufacturing process design, is the standard tool for service process design. The flowchart, or service blueprint, emphasizes the importance of design. Poka-yoke systems applied to services prevent mistakes from becoming service defects. Approaches to services include the production line approach, the self-service approach, and the personal attention approach. Service guarantees are not only a marketing tool for services but, from an operations perspective, these guarantees can be used as an improvement incentive and can focus the firm's delivery system on things it must do well to satisfy the customer

Language needs African American Language

The difficult part of the Ebonics controversy is an extremely old problem in the United States that the status of African American as American and their dialect. It was greatly makes it difficult to develop a state national level educational policy for using it in the classroom as a way to move toward Standard American English that was long to implementation is local. It was probably standard when it we proposed for the state or in national, we run in to problem of identifying exactly what is the meaning of it. This problem can be Avoid by addressing the issue in less effective as â€Å"home language†. If in practice the policy were, directed generally at all home languages the special needs of African American Vernacular English speakers would be unaddressed. however, the policy were expanded to national educational policy directed at the African American Vernacular English there would be strong pressure to identify or even develop a standard version for African American English in order to properly implement. Which would continue to neglect those who do not speak the new standard, and worse it would result in the need for African Americans to learn two standards. The Standard English and African American English were the two standards that the African American needs to know. The validity and systematically of the home language is reasonable However, the use of contrastive analysis ends up sending exactly the message that the resolution was intend to eliminate. If the student’s home language is allowed in the classroom and then systematically translated by the teacher of Standard American English and then no matter what the language or method used there is the implication that what is being corrected is an mistake, the home language is in error. In this, such of way, the decision could result in even greater stigmatization of the African American Language than already exists. The proposal to use Bilingual education methodology to move one language system to another has intrinsic logic that there are systematic differences between two languages and the methods and materials have already been develop and tested. However, the message sent here in practice would be one that is consistent with the intent of the Ebonics Resolution. By classifying African Americans among immigrants populations and the implication is that, immigrants they remain outsiders until they were assimilate themselves to another language or culture. In effect there us an implication that African American do not gain their full citizenship by birth but earn the assimilating to American culture which by implication is a culture that is not their own. The status of the home language of African Americans is controversial even among those whose sociopolitical goals are one and the same providing equal opportunities for employment and education to a minority group that has historically received less that its fair share of the American trance. The issue remains contentious because nobody agree the use of their language variety towards African Americans. The United States continues to struggle with two worthy but often contradictory ideas in integration and the celebration of diversity. At the end, little was clarified or even changed by the Ebonics resolution but the African Americans continues to underachieve in the United States educational system nearly guarantees another discussion of this matter.   

Management of Halliburton

Management of Halliburton Free Online Research Papers Individual Management Planning: Halliburton This paper will discuss the planning function of management of Halliburton. Within this paper I will analyze the impact that legal issues, ethics, and corporate social responsibility has had on management planning, and the three factors that I believe influence the company’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning. Halliburton has had a great deal of legal issues that have been dealt with since the beginning of the operation. Political influence has also played a big part within the Halliburton franchise. First I would like to show some insight into Halliburton was started and founded. Halliburton was founded in 1919, by a man named Erle P. Halliburton. He started the company in Duncan, Oklahoma by borrowing a wagon, a team of mules, and a pump. He built a wooden box and started an oil well cementing business. Today Halliburton employs more than 50,000 people in approximately 70 countries (Halliburton, 2009). In 1926 Halliburton took the initial steps in becoming a worldwide organization by selling five cementing units to an English company, which was the start of the Eastern Hemisphere. After that Erle’s brothers were sent to Canada to open a business there as well. Halliburton expanded to Venezuela in 1940, and by 1946 they had expanded into Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and the Middle East. Other franchises of Halliburton have been started and opened all over the globe. When evaluating the planning function of management I have noticed that by being stationed all over the globe, Halliburton has many different departments tailored specifically for the geographical area that the company is in. Each place that Halliburton is located is an office for that location. Halliburton’s main office was in Houston, Texas but they have relocated their headquarters to Dubai, which is in the Middle East country. Halliburton holds annual planning processes for improving HSE and Service Quality. The performance Improvement Initiative (PII) was introduced in 1997 and helps to ensure organizational alignment. â€Å"The PII includes a review of past performance, and assessment of currently available tools, and the development of objectives and strategies for continuous global improvement† (Halliburton, Introduction). In the planning function within the Halliburton organization, the company also incorporates risk identification, risk control, and contingency plans. Incorporating these risk control factors allows the company to control and mitigate risk. Their planning function incorporates the company mission and vision into strategy and action plans that responds to customer wants and needs. The planning function of Halliburton has allowed the company to expand and grow into a multibillion dollar company today. Without planning and using the strategies Halliburton would not have made it in the world today. The planning function includes â€Å"What, why, when, where and how to do it. Who is responsible for what and who to interact with, how to know that we have done it right, and how to make it better† (Correia,P; Lastra, E; Nino, J.M.). The impact that legal issues, ethics, and corporate social responsibility have had on management planning within Halliburton have been tremendous. During the company’s process of having the headquarters stationed in Houston, TX the organization was not happy about having to pay such high taxes or even any taxes to speak of. Therefore, the company relocated to Dubai. Dubai is located in the Middle East, Saudi Arabia. The reason for the relocate was to avoid paying their fair share of taxes. By moving the headquarters here and the CEO and other top executives the company can argue â€Å"a portion of its profits should be attributed to the no – tax jurisdiction† (Cray, C.). Dick Cheney has also had a big impact on the issues surrounding the management planning. Dick Cheney was appointed CEO from 1995 to 2000 and Halliburton’s revenue from the federal government contracts almost doubled. Cheney used his political influence to bring in government contra cts. This has impacted planning within Halliburton because of the issues they are now dealing with. There stocks have fallen and with Cheney’s departure the company share prices started to sink. Halliburton had to initiate the PPI in order to keep things afloat while Cheney was there and even more so after he left. Another legal issue that has impacted the planning function of management would be not keeping honest records of their sales and costs from 1998 to 2001. Halliburton expected workers to keep fraudulent records to make the company look more profitable than it was to keep share prices high. This has led to the company having to do quarterly reports to see where the company is. Halliburton has been investigated by the Securities and Exchange Commission and by the Justice Department for making fraudulent records and the company has even paid out $7,500,000 and never admitted any wrong doing. Halliburton has paid out millions of dollars to make the lawsuits disappear a nd not make headlines for a great deal of time so that the stock prices stayed up and they would not lose their shareholders. â€Å"In 2001 a court ordered the company to pay $130,000,000 and the decision was kept secret. When the judgment later became public the company’s stock price dropped forty -two percent† (Outen, Gwen, 2004). The examples I can provide for the ethics would be that Dick Cheney was involved with Halliburton and used his political influence to secure federal and government contracts. This is very unethical for an organization to do. If the organization cannot secure the contracts without the influence of the political aspects then they should have not received the contracts to begin with. The legal issues would be that the organization did not pay their fair share of the taxes and relocated to avoid paying them. Another example would be that they falsified the books in order to look more profitable then what they were. The social responsibility I would have to say would be the relocation to avoid paying the taxes. They are avoiding social responsibility here by not paying the taxes that are due. Instead the company has set up off shore accounts in the Cayman Islands so that the money they receive on contracts completed cannot be taxed by the government in the United States. This money that is in the Cayman Islands accounts does not have a corporate tax and the United States cannot impose a tax on money that is not here (Cray, C.). The three factors that influence the company’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning would be shareholders, growth in customer satisfaction, and stock price, without these three factors Halliburton would not be the company they are today. Halliburton is a Fortune 500 company and the ownership status is that the company is publicly traded. The shareholders help with keeping the company operational along with the growth and customer satisfaction of their work. The stock prices determine the planning that will take place and where the company needs to go and how to get there. These three factors I believe are the most important regardless of what organization it is. Without these three factors the company would not be able to stay afloat as customers, shareholders, and stock prices allow the public and the company to know where they are and where they are going. Halliburton may have done some things that are unethical, immoral, and have raised some legal issues but they are the second largest oil services company in the world (Outen, G., 2004). The management planning that has been implemented has helped Halliburton and this has made them see that making fraudulent claims to raise their stocks has only caused legal issues. Chuck Dominy, Halliburton’s vice president for government affairs said it best â€Å"We are the only company in the United States that had the kind of systems in place, people in place, contracts in place, to do that kind of thing† (Cray, C., 2004). With the new planning system in place Halliburton may see their fair share of legal issues again but they will survive and continue to keep thriving and profiting in today’s economy. References Correia, P.; Edgardo, L.; Nino, J.M. (no date). Halliburton management system: Lessons learned during deployment and implementation. Retrieved July 1, 2009, from http://biblioteca.iapg.org.ar/iapg/ArchivosAdjuntos/CongresodeCalidad/089.pdf Cray, Charles. (no date). CorpWatch. Holding corporations accountable. Retrieved July 1, 2009, from corpwatch.org.article.php?list=typetype=15printsafe=1 Cray, Charles. (2004). Dissecting Bush. Bush administration policies under the microscope. Retrieved July 1, 2009, from http://multinationalmonitor.org/mm2004/05012004/may-june04corp1.html Halliburton. (2009). History of Halliburton. Retrieved July 1, 2009, from halliburton.com/aboutus/PrintPreview.aspx?navid=970pageid=2312 Halliburton, (no date). Introduction. Doing the right thing. Retrieved July 1, 2009, from halliburton.com/public/tttcp/contents/Books_and_Cataloge/web/ServiceTools/H03280_intro.pdf Outen, Gwen. (2004, August). Economics Report. Halliburton’s legal troubles. Retrieved July 1, 2009, from voanews.com/specialenglish/archive/2004-08/a-204-08-13-2-1.cfm?renderforp Research Papers on Management of HalliburtonThe Project Managment Office SystemLifes What IfsMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalPETSTEL analysis of IndiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

The Wind in Willows Book Review

'The Wind in Willows' Book Review The Wind in the Willows is a childrens story that lives in the hearts and minds of its readers well into adulthood. With its subtle blend of anthropomorphism and very-British humor, the book is a classic tale of river life and friendship. The Wind in the Willows is surprisingly dark and thrilling in placesparticularly in the later chapters and the battle of Toad Hall. The book provides something that few novels of its time can claim: all-round entertainment for all ages. The story confirms the power of close friends and courage to make a difference in the lives of others. Overview: The Wind in the Willows The novel begins with Mole, a peace-loving little animal, doing some spring cleaning. He soon meets another of the people who live by the river, Ratty, who enjoys nothing more than messing about in boats. After a number of pleasant afternoons having picnics and spending time on the river, Mole and Ratty decide to visit one of Rattys friends, Toad whowhen they arriveexplains to them his latest obsession, a horse, and cart. They go for a ride with Toad, but whilst on the road, they are tipped over by a speeding motorcar (which completely breaks Toads little cart). Far from being upset by the loss of his favorite toy, Toads first thought is that he, too, wants one of those incredible automobiles. This obsession leads him to trouble, however. Much to Mole, Ratty and their old and wise friend Badgers sadness, Toad is soon arrested and sent to prison for stealing a motor car. However, within the gaol, one of the guards daughters soon feels sorry for the poor Toad (who certainly wasnt made for prison life), and gives him some old washerwoman’s clothes and helps him to escape. Toad returns to the river and is welcomed by his friends, who tell him that his home, Toad Hallonce his pride and joyhas been overtaken by the cruel woodlanders: the stoats and the weasels. Some hope does seem to be in sight. Badger tells Toad that there is a secret tunnel leading back into the very heart of Toad Hall and the four friends follow it, leading them right into the lair of their enemies. An enormous battle ensues and Badger, Mole, Ratty and Toad manage to rid the hall of stoats and weasels, placing Toad back where he belongs. The rest of the book suggests that the four friends will continue in their easy-going lifestyle, occasionally taking trips on the river and eating picnics. Toad manages to curb his obsessive behavior, somewhat, but cannot completely cure himself. Englishness in The Wind in the Willows The true joy of The Wind in the Willows is the image of English life: a very Georgian, upper-middle-class take on the world in which the countryside is covered by an incessant summer time and which days can be spent idling by the riverside and watching the world go by. Because of the success of The Wind in the Willows, Kenneth Grahame was able to leave his unhappy job in a bank and live very much the life he represented in the pages of the booka life full of cake at tea time, and the soothing sound of the river running past. The novel is also very much loved for its characters: the slightly pompous and ridiculous toad (who is completely carried away by his latest obsession), and the wise old badger (who is crotchety, but who has very high regard for his friends). They are characters who embody the English values of fortitude and good humor. But, these creatures are also incredibly honorable and willing to fight (even to the death) for their little piece of England. There is something ineffably comforting about Grahames little storyfamiliar and also very powerful. The animal characters are completely humanized, but their personalities and characteristics are still linked to their animals characters. The Wind in the Willows is wryly humorous and tremendously fun. This book is one of the greatest childrens books of all time.

Growing Criminal Law Special Issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Growing Criminal Law Special Issues - Assignment Example Growing Criminal Law Special Issues The U.S. Department of Justice (2011) notes, there is need of urgency in addressing growing criminal special issues. The department observes that most public opinion polls rank crime and fear of crime as one of the most important issues that need to be addressed. Racketeering is one of the special crimes and is becoming a growing issue in criminal law; it’s part of organized crime whose main aim is to entrench continual patronage (Eskridge, 2010). Administrators and public policymakers in the criminal justice system are paying more attention to this growing issue in the criminal law and its complexity. There is need for traditional criminal justice system to undergo fundamental rethinking that aims at responding appropriately to this growing criminal law issue. Therefore, criminal justice policies such as community corrections, policing, imprisonment, sentencing, and adjudication needs to be changed in significant way to respond to these eme rging special issue in criminal law (Neese, 2003). ... First it is important to understand how RICO criminal defense practice came about. This practice emerged as a result of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act which was passed by the Congress in 1970 Blakey (2008). The Act was appropriate at that time as the Congress was seeking to eliminate the adverse consequences of organized crime on the economy of the United States. Since then, the Act has been expanded to include several other procedures of crime. Neese (2003) notes that the Act plays critical role in enabling the federal government in fighting international and national dimensions of organized crime such as racketeering. The fact that organized crimes and racketeering in particular is a threat to public safety cannot be disputed. That is why for over the years particularly in the 1970s and the early 1980s, the RICO criminal defense practice has been performing relatively well (Blakey, 2008). However, it has been noted that in the most recent of times the performance of this practice has declined considerably. Anderson and Jackson (2004) argue that this decline is highly attributed to the effort that the United States government is putting to crack down on organized crimes. In particular, the government has focused on two main areas in its fight against these crimes; business that are employing individuals who are not legally allowed to work in the United states and focus on illegal immigrants who are engaging in organized crimes. The U.S. Department of Justice (2011) notes that organized crimes such as those covered in the RICO Act are being perpetrated by the immigrants especially from Russia thus undermining creation of the rule of law efforts. This explains the reason why the fight against organized crimes has

The Hegemony Debate in International Relations Essay

The Hegemony Debate in International Relations - Essay Example In technical terms, a "polar actor" (or a "pole") is a state or a coalition of states that is so significant that its removal (or its entrance) would alter the contours of the interstate system. In more prosaic parlance, a polar actor is a Great Power. "Polarity" concerns the way in which the major capabilities of power are distributed among the main actors of the interstate system. In a multipolar system, the main capabilities are distributed among several Great Powers. In a bipolar system, the capabilities are distributed between two preeminent Powers - as was the case during the height of the Cold War. In a unipolar system, one single state has managed to concentrate an inordinately large share of the system's capabilities under its own control and thus enabled itself to exercise an unchallenged pre-eminence on the international scene. (Nye, 1990) With such an immense concentration of capabilities on American hands, it is clear that the contemporary interstate system is unipolar in nature. The USA stands head and shoulders above all other states in terms of power capabilities both military and economically but is it necessarily hegemonic The hegemony cycle is based on t... This preeminent position is called hegemony. Hegemony seems to have acquired two connotations, positive and negative. In the positive image, "benign hegemony," the leading country takes on the burden of maintaining international order and pays a disproportionate price for doing so. In this approach, international order is seen as a "public good" benefiting all countries, supported by the hegemonic power. Kindleberger (1973:28) argues that "the international economic and monetary system needs leadership, a country which is prepared , consciously or unconsciously, under some system of rules that it has internalized, to set standards of conduct for other countries ; and to seek to get others to follow them , to take on an undue share of the burdens of the system ." Britain had this role from 1815 to 1913, and the United States after 1945, according to Kindleberger, but in the interwar years Britain was unable, and the United States was unwilling, to accept this leadership role ; Kindleberger sees in this lack of leadership the mai n causes for the severity of the depression of the 1930s . "Hegemonic stability theory" (see Keohane 1980), to quote McKeown's (1983: 73) summary, argues that "it is the power of hegemonic states that leads to the emergence of open international economic systems" with free trade, benefiting all. According to Puchala (2005, p. 572), the term hegemony refers to the predominance of one state over others which can mean primacy in importance, authority or force. Hegemony is the result of a single state attaining such power as to enable him or give him the right to manage the international system. This state find themselves responsible to manage

Social intelligence class the name of the bock social intelligence the Essay

Social intelligence class the name of the bock social intelligence the new science of success for Karl Albrecht - Essay Example thus grouping people accordingly as well as understanding how the groups and societies map the environment in terms of ecological, social and personal thereby, establish a structure to aid in group decision making as well as revealing the views of participants. c) Performance prediction. Basing on the social intelligence test concept, people with low social intelligence are more suited to low customer contact roles because they may not necessarily posses the social competencies required for the success of frontline office duties. On the other hand, those with high social intelligence are considerately skilled socially and thus can communicate or contract directly with other people. d) Creating interaction strategies. By understanding social intelligence, it helps on to understand the dynamics of dealing with others for exampling assessing the impact of one person’s behavior on other people thus strengthening the ability to get along with others. One becomes socially successful by learning how to deal with others and interact with new behaviors. e) Helps leaders to enhance their leadership competencies. Some of the competencies that can be learnt in improving leadership include self confidence, the drive to improve performance, staying calm under pressure and having a generally positive outlook. In dealing with a family member with a toxic personality so as to affect the impact of their negative personality on your own personality, the following approaches can be undertaken.You need to acknowledge that their pain, upset and unhappiness is their own and not yours. This will help you not to believe in what they do or say.second is getting positive about yourself. When things are not better it is good to remain positive. This will make those around feel better and as well can influence the negative personality to feel positive. In addition, be firm and declare your stand about not being well with negativity. For example one can make use of comments such as

The People of Rajasthan

The People of Rajasthan When this magnificent beauty Rajasthan entails into our minds, the very first visual of this grand state comes with the images of iridescent lights and a wide variety of energetic folk dances and enthusiastic music it also reminds us of the desert- stretches, the forts, palaces, the mighty warriors, and royal robes of the rajas and maharajas. Thinking of this princely state also memorises us through the magnificent beauty which is established through the architectural wonders of havelis. The word Rajasthan literary means the abode of kings. Its pre-independence name Rajputana meant the homeland of -the mighty Rajputs. An energetic and a vibrant state where royal glory and tradition meets the colors of this world, contradicting the vast area of desserts and sand lies a perfect blend of people, culture, tradition, music, architecture, cuisine all in one pot. Rajasthans vast ocean of sand is contradictory to the colourful and vibrant culture and tradition it possesses. Growing generatio ns have seen their cultivated culture of music, art and dance through ages. A vast and wonder-laced state with treasures more sublime than those of fable, the Land of the Kings paints a bold image People of Rajasthan There is always an inadequate knowledge of the place without knowing its people. Rajasthan is an anthropological mixture of people who come from varied variety of ethnic, economic, religious, social and cultural background. In the ancient times the caste of the person determined their profession. As times have changed it slowly has adopted a birth based caste system. Many caste and sub-caste reside in this grand state of Rajasthan. The warriors of the clan are the Hindu Rajput constitute major portion of the residents of Rajasthan. The Brahmins and the vaishya also form a part of it. The population also consists of the muslims, Sikhs ,jains and sindhis. Major portion of the livelihood of the tribes like Jat, Gurjar, Mali arises from agricultural based activities. Other are free to choose their profession by will. The dresses and the ornaments used and worn by the folks are greatly influenced by their caste, economic status, climate profession and also history. Culture of Rajasthan Music and folk dances of Rajasthan The living soul of the people lies in there folk music and dance which also add a glamour in their hard lives. People in this state are very fun loving and energetic. They have highly cultivated classical and folk dances which have been a part of their culture for growing generations now. Folk music flourished due to the kings of Rajputana who embodied music in their courts. The music constitutes different flavours of folk music, the hymns and prayers in praise of the Lord, the magnificent stories of the chivalry of the mighty Rajput emperors, the local folk dances and songs in praise of the rain God. The vibrant gay colours of the attire totally contradict to the backdrop of the plain coloured desert and invoke the feeling of engaging in the dance. All the traditionally based old dance forms are still practiced religiously. Some of the peculiar dance forms are kaibelia dance, Ghoomar dance, Chari dance, Kacchi -Ghodi , fire dance and terah taai. Other types of dances are enforsed during different occasions. Art and Craft of Rajasthan This state is well known for textiles, semi precious stones, handicrafts, traditional and colourful art. The local furniture has complex carving and bright colour. There are many prints like block prints, tie and die prints which are the major products which are exported from Rajasthan. The blue pottery in Jaipur is particularly famous all over the world. We are aware of how much this beautiful state has to offer to tourists. We have however chosen something very different and rare for our DIP research  project. We all know that havelis are architectural monuments built by the rich merchants and traders to show off their wealth, and built by the well  to do families in the 17th and 18th century to protect themselves from the extreme climatic conditions, in the region known as Shekhawati. In the semi arid dessert regions of Shekhawati, the day would be boiling hot and the nights would be as cold as freezing ice. The land and its people This region of Shekhawati lies roughly between Jaipur, Delhi and Bikaner in the state of Rajasthan. There is little of industrialization that takes place in this region and farming is poor. Some families leave this region due to failure in financial gains, but they return back to their birthplace: either for retirement or to settle down again. Among the few of them that return are the Rajputs, the Shekhawats (whose ancestor gave its name to this land). The Shekhawati region, unlike most other parts of Rajasthan was never a single kingdom; it remained a loosely held conderation of feudal principalities. The Shekhawati land, is known for its frescos. What sets this region completely apart are the eye-striking beautifully made frescos. This part of the desert was once a part of Aryavat, the land of the Aryans who spread too a great extent to the northern part of our country. Aryans, were the community that composed their sacred texts, the oldest in the world, which are the VEDAS here. It would also be interesting to know that archaeologists have found remains of sites contemporary with the Indus Valley civilization dating all the way back to 200 BC. Our topic for this research project is: Comparative study of architecture of Havelis and their impact on society today. This topic of the architecture of havelis has indeed interested us as a group and we would love to explore this aspect of Rajasthan. It has a massive huge number of ancient havelis situated in the region of Shekhawati, where we plan to visit and study and carry out an  analysis of the different havelis The comparative study will be based on the  Architecture of the haveli The interior (frescos, murals, paintings, inscriptions The exterior (sculptures, doorways, bhaitak -seating area, hathi pol-entrances The way it has been constructed (Muslim, Hindu , Brahmin, Rajput) If the Haveli has been constructed keeping in mind the Vaastu (which will not be the same for the havelis that are owned by a different caste If the haveli has been constructed according to the climatic changes The materials that were used to construct the havelis According to us, this topic has a lot to offer to us because each one of us in the group have been interested in the tiny minute details of   havelis. Havelis do differ from one another on a very huge scale even though they are not always thought of as the same kind. Where we plan to go, which havelis? We first plan to visit an area known as Fatehpur. This town is well known for its really high quality of frescos. The havelis we plan to study here are: Gopiram Jalam haveli. Nand lal Devra haveli. Jagannath Singhania haveli. Our next town of visit will be a region known as Nawalgarh. A town where one can witness a mix of Rajput and European architecture. The havelis we do wish to analyze in this region are: Radheshyam Murarka haveli. Pannalal Mansingka haveli. This brings us to an interesting question, what exactly are Havelis? Haveli as a term used commonly has its named derived from a long traced back Arabic origin of the word `hawoleh meaning partition.   a related word `hawaleh has a slightly different meaning which is `all round or `round about. Through the ages the word havelis has taken  different forms. Though for Persian it had the same meaning as the word hawaleh but with the mughals arriving the word havelis changed into being a partition to a piece of land (this is very similar to the word estate whcich is used in the English language). Since the beginning of the origin of the havelis its definition is only limited to the physical characteristics which makes it inadequate. So far the  closest definition of the word haveli is given by the prince of Whales museum, Mumbai. A havelis generally means a mansion. But in totality, it  symbolizes generation who articulated their life style that includes architecture, customs and manners, `of course arts, crafts and music. The  havelis however are the official residences of umraos, princes, thakurs and others such as dhabhai, purohit and sethji who were given a special  status by the rana. Havelis has an official recognition The term HAVELI is an essentially north Indian concept, and the Persian term implies an enclosed space. The havelis were not just built for residential purposes. Their construction increased on a massive scale, because they were in a way known as objects of self-esteem, in a race to score against each other. They got more lavish and they also borrowed elements of Indo-Saracenic architecture that was standing out among the principal British settlements. Havelis in Rajasthan was primarily developed in 16th century to differentiate their life style from common people. The 2 broad classifications of  havelis in Rajasthan were- Rajput havelis and Marwari havelis while the other havelis were mainly based on the caste and occupation. Accordingly  there were havelis of the Brahmin caste, Muslim havelis, and havelis of other Hindu sub castes. A basic identification of havelis in any medieval  town of Rajasthan is possible by identifying the original owner, his official status, architecture, paintings on the walls of the havelis, sculptures  interiors, etc;